Open areas of skin, such as scrapes and oozing pimples, heal best in moist, sealed environments. Hydrocolloid bandages, patches, and dressings can be used for this purpose.
Unlike standard bandages, hydrocolloid bandages contain an ingredient that turns into gel when it absorbs fluids, such as oozing pus. This provides an effective healing environment for certain conditions.
Let’s go over how hydrocolloid bandages work and how to use them for wound and acne care.
1. What’s in hydrocolloid bandages?
Hydrocolloid bandages are made up of two layers. The outer layer, or backing, is made from thin sheets of foam or polyurethane film. This layer forms a seal that keeps the wound clean and free of infection-causing bacteria.
The outer seal may be nonpermeable (keeps out air and moisture) or semipermeable (keeps out moisture but lets air in).
For wound care
The inside of the bandage contains one or more types of hydrocolloid materials. These materials turn into a gel-like substance when they absorb wound secretions. The resulting gel creates a moist environment that supports healing. The soft gel’s texture also stops the wound from sticking to the bandage, so you won’t inadvertently pull off a scab.
The active ingredients used in hydrocolloid bandages vary by manufacturer. Several ingredients are often used in combination. Hydrocolloid bandage materials include:
sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, which contains thickening and swelling properties that allow gel formation to occur
gelatin, a collagen-derived protein that stimulates blood clotting to speed up wound healing
pectin, which provides structural support for cell and tissue regrowth (cell scaffolding)
For acne
Hydrocolloid bandages for acne are often referred to as pimple patches or stickers. These products may contain active ingredients not found in bandages used to heal wounds. These ingredients are designed specifically to reduce acne breakouts and inhibit oil production.
In addition to hydrocolloid ingredients, the active ingredients in pimple patches may include:
tea tree oil, which has anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties
salicylic acid, which dissolves dead skin cells and exfoliates skin
glycolic acid, which has antibacterial properties and also exfoliates skin
niacinamide, which regulates oil production, reduces redness, and minimizes pore size
2. What do hydrocolloid bandages do?
Hydrocolloid bandages work by keeping wounds moist and clean from drainage and contaminants. They also contain properties that support healing.
A 2021 study on wound care following dermatologic surgery found that hydrocolloid bandages were effective in improving the appearance of scars. Since hydrocolloid bandages can stay in place for several days, the researchers also noted that people found them comfortable and convenient during recuperation.
A 2014 systematic research reviewTrusted Source did not find conclusive evidence that hydrocolloid bandages were superior to other types of bandages for conditions like chronic bed sores (pressure ulcers). However, the researchers did find that hydrocolloid bandages were highly effective for:
maintaining a humid environment conducive to wound healing
controlling wound seepage
facilitating the breakdown of damaged wound tissue
reducing pain
providing a barrier that seals wounds, keeping them safe from dirt, debris, and infection-causing bacteria
supporting the formation of newly generated connective tissue and collagen
maintaining an optimum acidic pH level for preventing bacterial growth
maintaining the ideal temperature for wound healing
promoting the development of new blood vessels
3. When to use hydrocolloid bandages
Hydrocolloid bandages are meant to be used on open, superficial wounds and on oozing or opened pimples. They’re self-adhesive and waterproof, so they’ll remain in place during bathing.
Hydrocolloid bandages can be used for:
first- or second-degree burns
abrasions, such as skinned knees or road rash
popped pimples
open blisters, cysts, or sores
diabetic foot ulcers
bed sores
4. How to apply hydrocolloid bandages
Choosing the right type of bandage is your first step:
Hydrocolloid bandages come in a variety of different types, sizes, and shapes. Some are designed specifically for bedsores near the rectum. Some have edges that are designed to withstand friction or inhibit rolling.
Make sure you choose a bandage that is large enough to cover the wound. Do not stretch the bandage, as this may pull on the wounded area.
Based on the wound location, you may need someone else to apply the bandage for you.
Wash your hands thoroughly.
Before applying the bandage, clean the wound with a wound cleaner or saline solution.
Make sure the wound is dry before applying the bandage. Hydrocolloid bandages will not stick to wet skin. You can let the area air dry, or gently pat it dry with a clean cloth.
Remove the backing from the bandage. Be careful not to touch the part of the bandage that will sit on the wound.
Gently place the bandage over the wound. Do not pat it in place over the wounded area. You can pat down the edges as needed.
As the gel forms, the bandage will soften and conform to your body shape.